2. Trigeminal neuralgia and glossopharyngeal neuralgia attacks are also used as long-term prophylactic drugs after the relief of trigeminal neuralgia. It is also used in tuberculosis and multiple sclerosis, diabetic peripheral neuralgia, phantom limb pain and post-traumatic neuralgia, and postherpetic neuralgia.
3. To prevent or treat manic-depression; Manic-depressive disorder that does not respond to lithium, antipsychotics, or antidepressants or is intolerant may be used alone or in combination with lithium and other antidepressants.
4. Central partial diabetes insipidus can be used alone or in combination with chloropropanuron or chlorobetyl ester.
5. Alcoholic withdrawal syndrome.
Adverse Reactions 1. Common adverse reactions of the nervous system: dizziness, ataxia, drowsiness and fatigue.
2. The incidence of water retention and hyponatremia (or water poisoning) due to the stimulation of antidiuretic hormone secretion is about 10% ~ 15%.
3. Less common adverse reactions include allergic reactions such as Stevenson -Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis, rash, urticaria, and pruritus; Behavioral disorders in children, severe diarrhea, lupus-like syndrome (urticaria, itching, rash, fever, sore throat, bone or joint pain, fatigue).
4. Rare adverse reactions are gland disease, arrhythmia or atrioventricular block (especially pay attention to the elderly), bone marrow suppression, the central nervous system poisoning (language difficulties, mental anxiety, tinnitus, fibrillation, op), allergic hepatitis, hypocalcemia, a direct impact on bone metabolism in osteoporosis, kidney toxicity, peripheral neuritis, acute urinary violet disease, Embolic vasculitis, allergic pneumonia, acute intermittent porphyria, can cause hypothyroidism. There was a case of myoteric epilepsy with aseptic meningitis that caused a recurrence of meningitis after treatment with this product. Occasionally, granulocytopenia, reversible thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, and toxic hepatitis.
Contraindications are known to be allergic to carbamazepine-related structural drugs such as tricyclic antidepressants. Patients with a history of atrioventricular block, severe abnormality of serum iron, bone marrow suppression, and severe liver insufficiency.
Precautions 1. Cross allergic reaction with tricyclic antidepressants.
2. Pay attention to examination during medication: whole blood cell examination (including platelet, reticulocyte and serum iron, should be regularly rechecked for 2-3 years), routine urine, liver function, ophthalmic examination. Determination of plasma concentration of carbamazepine.
3. Do not use this product for general pain.
4. Diabetics may cause an increase in urine sugar, which should be noted.
5. Epilepsy patients can not suddenly withdraw medicine.
6. For patients who have taken other antiepileptic drugs, the dosage of this product should be increased gradually. After 4 weeks of treatment, it may be necessary to increase the dosage to avoid the decrease of blood drug concentration caused by self-induction.
7. The drug should be discontinued in the following cases: liver poisoning or myelosuppression symptoms, cardiovascular adverse reactions or rash.
8. For specific pain syndromes, if the pain is completely relieved, the dose should be reduced monthly until the drug is discontinued.
9. Take it after meals to reduce gastrointestinal reactions. If you miss taking it, make it up as soon as possible. Do not double the amount once, but make it up in a day.
10. The following conditions should be used with caution: alcoholism, cardiac damage, coronary heart disease, diabetes, glaucoma, history of blood reactions to other drugs (which may induce bone marrow suppression), liver disease, abnormal secretion of vasopressin or other endocrine disorders, urinary retention, kidney disease.
Pregnant women and lactating women can use this product through the placenta, it is not clear whether it is teratogenic, it should be used with caution in early pregnancy; This product can be secreted into milk, about 60% of the blood drug concentration, lactating women should not be applied.
This product can be used for children of all ages, for specific reference [usage and dosage].
The elderly use elderly patients this product sensitive person is many, often can cause cognitive dysfunction, agitation, anxiety, anxiety, mental disorder, atrioventricular block or bradycardia, can also cause aplastic.
Drug Interactions 1. When used in combination with acetaminophen, especially in a single overdose or in large amounts over a long period of time, there is an increased risk of liver poisoning, potentially reducing the efficacy of the latter.
2. When used together with coumarin anticoagulants, due to the positive induction of liver enzymes of this product, the blood concentration of anticoagulants is reduced, the half-life is shortened, and the anticoagulant effect is weakened. Therefore, the dosage should be adjusted by measuring the prothrombin time.
3. Combination with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors increases the risk of osteoporosis.
4. Due to the liver enzyme induction effect of this product, it can enhance the antidiuretic effect when combined with chloropropanuron, chlorabetyl (Antomine), desmopressin, lypressin, pituitrin, vasopressin, etc., and the dosage of each drug should be reduced.
5. When used in combination with estrogen-containing contraceptives, cyclosporins, digitalises (with the possible exception of digoxin), estrogens, levothyroxine, or quinidine, the effects of these drugs are reduced due to the induction of liver drug enzymes by carbcarbazepine, and the dosage should be adjusted to oral contraceptives containing progesterone (progesterone) only. Extensive vaginal bleeding may occur when taken with oral contraceptives.
6. Use in combination with doxycycline (doxycycline), whose blood concentration may be reduced and dosage should be adjusted if necessary.
7. Erythromycin, troleandomycin and detropropoxyphene can inhibit the metabolism of carbamazepine and cause the increase of the blood concentration of carbamazepine, resulting in toxic reactions.
8. Haloperidol, loxapine, maprotiline, thioton or tricyclic antidepressants can enhance the metabolism of carbamazepine, causing elevated blood concentrations of the latter and toxic reactions.
9. Lithium salt can reduce the antidiuretic effect of carbamazepine.
10. Carbamazepine (structurally similar to tricyclic antidepressants), in combination with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition, can cause a hyperthermia or/and hypertensive crisis, severe convulsions and even death, with a minimum of 14 days between the two drugs. When carbamazepine is used as an anticonvulsant, MAO suppressant may alter the type of seizure. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors may be discontinued longer if clinical conditions permit.
11. Carbamazepine can reduce the absorption of nomifensine and accelerate its elimination. 12. Phenobarbital and phenytoin accelerate the metabolism of carbamazepine and reduce the t1/2 of carbamazepine to 9 ~ 10 hours.
Drug overdose 1. Signs and symptoms
The signs and symptoms caused by overdose mainly occur in the central nervous system, cardiovascular system and respiratory system.
Urinary retention, oliguria or absence of urine, fluid retention, water intoxication due to the ADH-like effects of carbamazepine.
7. Laboratory examination
Hyponatremia, metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia, and elevated levels of muscle creatine phosphokinase.
8. Treatment methods
No special detoxification drugs.
Treatment should first be based on the patient's clinical condition, which requires hospitalization. Blood concentrations were tested to confirm carbamazepine intoxication and to determine the extent of overdose.
Gastric vacuuming, gastric lavage, activated carbon use, critical patients should be admitted to the ICU ward, and give supportive therapy, cardiac monitoring and correction of electrolyte disorders.
9. Special recommendation
Hypotension: Use of dopamine or intravenous dobutamine.
Arrhythmia: according to the specific condition of treatment.
Convulsions: use benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam) or other anticonvulsants such as phenobarbital (beware of this drug, which increases the risk of respiratory depression) or chloral hydrate.
Hyponatremia (water intoxication) : Restricted fluid intake and slow intravenous infusion of 0.9% normal saline can help prevent brain damage.
Activated carbon adsorption dialysis is recommended, but forced diuresis, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis have been reported to be ineffective. Resurrection and exacerbation of symptoms that may occur 2 to 3 days after overdose due to delayed absorption should be anticipated.
Children with severe poisoning can exchange blood, and need to continue to observe respiratory, circulation, urinary function for several days. Corresponding measures should be taken according to clinical conditions.
Drug Toxicology This product is an anticonvulsant and an antiepileptic. The pharmacological effects of carbamazepine include anti-convulsive, anti-epileptic, anti-neuropathic pain, anti-manic-depression, improvement of symptoms of some mental diseases, and anti-central diabetes insipidus. The mechanisms of these effects may be as follows:
1. The occurrence and diffusion of abnormal high frequency discharge can be significantly inhibited by - dependent blocking of various excitable Na+ channels in cell membranes.
2. Inhibition of T-type calcium channels.
3. Enhance the activity of the central noradrenergic nerve.
4. Promote the secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or improve the effector sensitivity to ADH.
Pharmacokinetics 1. Carbamazepine is absorbed slowly but completely in the human body. The average peak plasma concentration of the tablet was achieved within 12 hours after a single dose. After a single oral dose of 400mg carbamazepine, the mean peak plasma concentration was approximately 4.5μg/ mL.
2. Regardless of the dosage form, food intake does not affect the absorption rate and degree of carbamazepine.
3. Steady-state plasma concentrations of carbamazepine are reached within 1 to 2 weeks, but this is induced by carbamazepine itself or by other enzyme-induced drugs, respectively, and depends on the patient's pre-treatment condition, dose, and treatment cycle.
4. Steady-state plasma concentrations of carbamazepine in the "therapeutic range" vary greatly among individuals, ranging from 4 to 12μg/ mL (17 to 50μmol/L) in most patients. 10, 11-epoxy carbamazepine (pharmacologically active metabolite) concentration: approximately 30% of carbamazepine concentration.
Storage Keep away from light and sealed.
FAQ 1.who are we? We are based in Fujian, China, start from 2000,sell to North America(40.00%),Southeast Asia(25.00%),Western Europe(25.00%),Africa(10.00%).There are total about50 people in our office.
2. how can we guarantee quality? Always a pre-production sample before mass production; Always final Inspection before shipment;
3.what can you buy from us? Pharmaceutical production lines,Intermediates,APIs,Finished Drug Preparations & Vaccines.
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Our Service a) Freeamples can be provided. b) Guide customers through professional technology and teach them how to use our products after sale c) Determine the lowest price of high-quality products 1.Skilledexperience: Our company is a leading manufacturer of professional production in Chinapharmaceutical field for manyyears. 2. The highest quality: to ensure high quality, once any problems are found, the package will be re-shipped for you. 3. Safe transportation: by air express (FedEx, UPS, DHL, EMS). It is recommended that you choose the most professional freightforwarder. 4. Fast delivery: We have stock, so once payment is received, we can deliver quickly. 5. Quality service: We will provide you with enthusiastic after-sales service. If you have any questions, we will reply to youwithin 24 hours. 6. Competitive price: discounts will be obtained when making large orders.
Our Manufacture Factory Fuzhou FUL Fluid Equipment & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd is a comprehensive enterprise which integrates R & D, production and construction of pharmaceutical production equipments, development and transfer of biotechnology, and cooperative production and sales of drugs and vaccines. The self-developed pharmaceutical production equipment branded FUL has been put into operation in many well-known pharmaceutical enterprises such as SINOPHARM, CSPC and also cooperates with many well-known pharmaceutical enterprises in production and sales, including pharmaceutical intermediates, APIs and finished drug preparations.
Fuzhou FUL Fluid Equipment & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd business radiates to all levels, including direct supply cooperation with government departments and industry representatives, as well as establishing supply cooperation relationship with retail industry. We supply high quality, safe and effective medicines and medical equipment to governments, hospitals, clinics and licensed pharmacies in different countries with timely and effective services at reasonable prices.
At present Fuzhou FUL Fluid Equipment & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd has the SINOPHARM authorization to sell its intermediates and APIs,and has the authorizations of CSPC & HUABEI PHARM sell its finished drug preparations;then FUL is the only manufacture in China which can supply the complete service from pharmaceutical produciton lines,intermediates and APIs to finished drug preparations and vaccines.Then we are seeking the professional pharmaceutical enterprices to work together for further cooperations.
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