alpha Angular rotation: -1 to -23° Boiling point 166 °C(lit.) Density 0.873 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) FEMA 2845 | PEPPER, BLACK, OIL (PIPER NIGRUM L.) FEMA 2851 | PEPPER, WHITE, OIL (PIPER NIGRUM L.) refractive index n20/D 1.483(lit.) Flash point 130 °F optical activity [α]20/D 25°, neat CAS DataBase Reference 8006-82-4 EPA Substance Registry System Oils, black pepper (8006-82-4)
Usage And Synthesis Chemical Properties
(Black) Pepper oil and (black) pepper oleoresin are obtained from the black pepper Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae). Pepper oil is produced by steam distillation of whole or crushed fruits. The oil is an almost colorless to bluish-green liquid with a characteristic odor, reminiscent of pepper, but without the pungency of the spice. d2020 0.864-0.880/0.861-0.876/0.861-0.885/0.864-0.884; α20D ?18 ° to ?7 °/?17 ° to ?8 °/?17 ° to ?6 °/?18 ° to +20 ° (oils of India/Sri Lanka/Indonesia/ Madagascar); solubility: 1 vol in max. 3 vol of 95% ethanol (all types). The oil contains mainly mono- and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons such as sabinene, α- and β-pinene, limonene, 3-carene and caryophyllene being the main constituents. The particular composition varies with the origin. Pepper oleoresin is produced by solvent extraction and, unlike the oil, contains the principal pungent compound, piperine [94-62-2], along with some essential oil.
Chemical Properties
Obtained by steam distillation of dried, unripe fruit. The yield ranges between 1 and 2.6%. Pepper essential oil has a characteristic odor of pepper and a relatively mild taste.
Physical properties
It is an almost colorless to slightly greenish liquid. It is soluble in most fixed oils, mineral oil and propylenee glycol. It is sparingly soluble in glycerin.
Uses
Pungently aromatic condiment in foods.
Uses
The cosmetic application of black pepper oil is unclear, though it may be used on skin inflammations and superficial wounds. This oil is obtained from a small-grain black pepper shrub found primarily in the hilly parts of Jamaica.
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