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Silicon carbide is an inorganic substance with a chemical formula of SiC. It is made by high temperature smelting of raw materials such as quartz sand, petroleum coke (or coal coke), and wood chips (salt is needed to produce green silicon carbide) through a resistance furnace. Silicon carbide also exists in nature, a rare mineral, moissanite. Among the non-oxide high-tech refractory materials such as C, N, and B, silicon carbide is the most widely used and most economical one.

Green silicon carbide is made from petroleum coke and high-quality silica as the main raw material, adding salt as an additive, and smelted at high temperature in a resistance furnace. Its hardness is between corundum and diamond, and its mechanical strength is higher than that of corundum.

Black Silicon Carbide is produced at high temperature in an electric resistance type furnace with quartz sand and petroleum coke as its main raw materials. Its hardness is between fused alumina and synthetic diamond. The mechanical intensity of it is higher than that of fused alumina. It is brittle and sharp and has electrical and heat conductivity in some degree. Black silicon carbide is suitable for grinding cast iron, non-ferrous metal, leather, rubber, wood, rock, it also be used as high grade refractory material.